Cloud de confiance : quels enjeux ?
IA et éthique
The major European institutional and financial projects on the eve of the French presidency: a view from the ECB - Bori
L’assurabilité des grands risques

A retail CBDC in Europe: the current situation and challenges - APRIL 2023

Financing Global Public Goods
Over the last fifteen years, the world has experienced two major crises, the Great Financial Crisis of 2008 and the Covid-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, the growing awareness of the gravity and urgency of climate change, along with its adverse impacts on biodiversity and the environment at large, is thrusting the planet with an unprecedented “polycrisis”. This polycrisis highlights, on the one…

Financing SMEs: Current Situation and Prospects
The COVID-19 crisis, the geopolitical crisis in Ukraine and inflation are all contributing to the profound upheaval of economies around the world. These shocks have had a considerable impact on all businesses, especially SMEs. Many of them have been forced to temporarily close or reduce their activities, have suffered from the rise in raw material and energy prices, have been confronted with…

Digital Currencies and Cryptoassets
Under the joint direction of Pierre Lahbabi (Sopra Steria) and Christian Pfister (Paris Institute of Political Studies), issue 149 of the Revue d’économie financière (REF) focuses on digital currencies. This term is understood as referring to central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) issued by the public sector and stablecoins, issued by the private sector but which aim to maintain a fixed…
